1.
If a,b,c>0a, b, c > 0 and x,y,zRx, y, z \in R, then the determinant
(ax+ax)2(axax)21(by+by)2(byby)21(cz+cz)2(czcz)21\begin{vmatrix} (a^x+a^{-x})^2 & (a^x-a^{-x})^2 & 1 \\ (b^y+b^{-y})^2 & (b^y-b^{-y})^2 & 1 \\ (c^z+c^{-z})^2 & (c^z-c^{-z})^2 & 1 \end{vmatrix}
is equal to -